Scientific misconduct has always been a significant concern in the academic community, with plagiarism, data fabrication, and falsification being the most common forms of misconduct that lead to the retraction of academic works. However, with the advancement of technology, new forms of misconduct have emerged, such as the rise of paper mills.

Academic paper mills are commercial enterprises that produce large volumes of academic papers for sale, often without any regard for academic standards or ethical guidelines. These mills have become a growing concern in the scholarly publishing industry, leading to a surge in plagiarism, the dissemination of false or misleading information, and the devaluation of academic publishing as a whole.